Syllogism Essay - 1235 Words

William Rodas Professor Sullivan English 1B 8 May 2014 â€Å"The Wandering Woman† Throughout the â€Å"The Wandering Women in Rebecca† article by Richard Armstrong, the author uses a myriad of rhetorical devices in order to present this phenomenal piece of literature to a diverse audience. The phenomenal story was made into a movie, which focuses on the story based of Rebecca. The film begins in Monte Carlo on France’s Mediterranean coast. Not only is every character introduced with a distinctive and unique personality, but we also see the interaction and bonds between one another. We are briefly introduced to Maxim, a rich and handsome character, and Rebecca, who has been described as being paranoid and languorous. Next, we are introduced to†¦show more content†¦The way she dresses lacks the reinforcement of her role in society because she simply does not dress to impress, but rather just to stay comfortable making the connection between her asexuality and the label the author gives her as a vicar’s daughter as valid syllogism. Neve rtheless the soundness of the syllogism is also true and valid. Mrs. de Winter cannot find her identity in the house in which a worldly man’s wife should. A wife should be able to take control over the house, but as it shown in the article that Mrs. Danvers has all the power in the house still making Mrs. de Winter feel powerless. The validity and soundness of the first paragraph leads to the next syllogism in the article. â€Å"Rebecca belongs less to Maxim than to Mrs. Danvers and the second Mrs. de Winter, and beneath its surface lurk feeling too powerful to be contained either by the moral code governing the Hollywood melodrama at the time or the aesthetics which shaped the melodrama† (133-134). It can be argued from this text that this in fact is not entirely true. The soundness of the syllogism is not entirely true because Rebecca use to go to the boathouse, which is the place that she used to entertain her lovers and she also used to dress up as one of Maxim’s ancestors. We then see how the second Mrs. de Winter attempts to do exactly what Rebecca did, but only to find out that she fails to succeed like Rebecca did. Mrs. de Winters insisted on going toShow MoreRelated Heidegger and the Logic of Categorical Syllogisms Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesHeidegger and the Logic of Categorical Sy llogisms      Ã‚  Ã‚   According to traditional syllogistic logic, which has its roots in Aristotle, there are four types of propositions: the A proposition (All S are P), the E proposition (No S are P), the I proposition (Some S are P), and the O proposition (Some S are not P). These propositional types represent all of the possible combinations of the dichotomies of affirmative/negative and universal/particular. Each makes a claim that a certain essentRead MoreEssay on Benefits of a Tax on High Fat Foods747 Words   |  3 Pagesmethod of doubt to investigate the truth of things, in which he wanted to be critical and generated four rules that he would use as guidance. With his method, he suspends judgment and prejudices to obtain better results. Descartes argues that despite syllogisms has truth in logic, it still has something defective, which is predominantly the multiplicity of rules. These rules might bring immorality and confusion, thus prevent him for arriving at the knowledge of thing s because it might bring more doubtRead MoreEveryday Decisions Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pageslogic, which was first formulated by Aristotle. He developed rules for correct syllogistic reasoning. There are four forms of statements to form a syllogism: a universal affirmative (All As are Bs); universal negative (No As are Bs); particular affirmative (Some As are Bs); and particular negative (Some As are not Bs). In a well-formed syllogism there are two premises and a conclusion. Modern logic covers a far greater range of possible arguments than those that can be cast into syllogisticRead MoreStatement Syllogism_ Approach, Techniques, explained for SBI PO2871 Words   |  12 Pages8/19/13 Mrunal  » [Reasoning] 4-Statement Syllogism: Approach, Techniques, explained for SBI PO (High level reasoning) and UPSC CSAT paper 2  » Print [Reasoning] 4-Statement Syllogism: Approach, Techniques, explained for SBI PO (High level reasoning) and UPSC CSAT paper 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Introduction Recap: 2 statement Complimentary case Approaching 4 statement syllogism Case#1 : Stick, lamps, power, dresses, shirts Case#2: Bird, Horse, Tiger, Lion Monkey Case#3: Bench, Wall, HouseRead MoreEssay about Probabilist - Deductive Inference in Gassendis Logic3546 Words   |  15 Pagesnondeductive inference in empirical reasoning: demonstrative syllogism. Thus, in resolution—the seeking of a things causes given the evidence of its effects—he recognizes the critical role of inferring general claims from the particulars of empirical data, not least from what he calls the evidence of signs. And intriguingly, he construes resolution-based claims as merely probable, though we attain them through classically deductive syllogism, because they represent merely possible claims among a fieldRead More Teaching Argument Evaluation in An Introductory Philosophy Course3647 Words   |  15 Pagesinevitable given the specialized needs of studying logic as only one part of the terms work — and in terms of class time, only a small part. All the same, term logic has surprising breadth when it is adapted to accommodate enthymemes and ch ain syllogisms, and the system outlined below is adapted to do precisely that. (3) (4) It is in its potential for depth and evaluative power that a system of term logic may be recommended over sentential logic. These two considerations (depth and evaluativeRead MoreCategorical Proposition, Categorical, And Categorical Statement1393 Words   |  6 Pagesor categorical statement, is a proposition that declares or denies that all or particular of the members of one type (the subject term) are comprised in another (the establish term). The study of opinions consuming categorical statements (i.e., syllogisms) forms a significant branch of deductive reasoning that initiated with the Ancient Greeks. The Ancient Greeks such as Aristotle recognized four primary distinct kinds of Categorical Proposition and provided them standard forms (now regularly termedRead MoreInvestigating the ‚Äà ²Belief Bias‚Äà ´ Effect in Human Reasoning2935 Words   |  12 PagesBelief biases were observed despite controls for conversion of premises. Belief bias was sho wn to be more marked in the invalid than the valid syllogisms. This consistent interaction between belief and logic was also noted. However, participants were intermediate in there response to syllogisms that were valid but had unbelievable conclusions. For 8 syllogisms presented, responses were collected as to whether the conclusion followed logically form the premises or not and a 2-factor ANOVA was performedRead MoreSyllogisms Logic Essay679 Words   |  3 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material Syllogisms Logic PART I: SYLLOGISMS To be a valid syllogism, the conclusion must be proven by the reasons. Carefully study the following syllogisms and decide if they are valid or invalid: 1. All zebras are striped animals. No zebras are polar bears. Therefore, no polar bears are striped animals. 2. All clowns are funny individuals. Some sad people are clowns. Therefore, some sad people are funny individuals. 3. Some stickyRead MoreSyllogisms in English Literature478 Words   |  2 PagesPart 1 - Syllogism: All the mean people are creatures that are not pleasant Only creatures that are not pleasant are creatures that will be disliked A syllogism is an argument in which one issue is inferred from two or more premises. For instance, in the above examples we see: There are mean people All mean people are creatures All mean people are creatures who are not pleasant Therefore, all mean people are unpleasant Creatures may be pleasant or unpleasant Creatures may be liked or disliked

Descriptive Essay On Roses - 2220 Words

Purple Petals Paris is in shambles. The town square, once full of laughter and music and dancing is barren and silent. Window sills that were bursting with brightly colored flowers of all sizes, with petals as soft as silk, now hang limp and lifeless, their owners no longer worried with such trivial luxuries. The air, instead of being ripe with the smell of a new spring, of warm rain showers and the bliss of sunshine after months of winter’s darkness is replaced with the sour, acrid stench of death. As if the sewage ridden streets and piles of bodies that grow daily on every street corner aren’t sufficient on their own. I hold a small container of strawberries tightly in my lap, not moving anything for fear that the handkerchief that†¦show more content†¦Mama always insists we get them for her famous strawberry turnovers, the one gift I ask for every year. Every year we return to find a single purple rose hanging from the door post, and after Mama has prepared the turnovers we leave them to warm over the small fire set in the middle of the cottage and walk to the secluded patch, picking violets until my mother’s and I skirts sag with the weight of them all and I am sure that Papa’s and Denis’s pockets are going to burst at the seams if they stuff even one more petal in. I am filled with excitement just thinking about the laughter filled trek to the flower patch and my mouth beings to water as I am reminded of the sweet, sugary scent that has filled the room by the time we return. It is these thoughts and memories that prompt me to sit up taller, my eyes searching for the pop of purple that will tell us everything’s just as it should be. But it isn’t there. My eyes burn by the time I finally allow myself to blink, and I tell myself that when I open my them again it will be there. But it isn’t and before I even know I am crying, tears are falling down my face, my heart heavy with the fear of the worst. â€Å"Papa,† I whisper, my voice barely more than a wisp of air. â€Å"It’s alright cheri, don’t assume the worst until you have reason to.† But though his wordsShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay : Dark Roses1263 Words   |  6 PagesDark Roses Grey skies, grey clouds, it was raining, and it was quiet in my room. Slow soft music played while I lay on the bed daydreaming. The whole house was asleep. It was 7:34 AM, I always wondered, how my new school is gonna be like, I moved from Wisconsin to L.A in the summer, and I settled in, ready for this school. I slowly doze off while listening to the music, it was peaceful. But I couldn’t bare sleeping again, I stood up, making a huge creak sound from my bed. My eyes were droopy, andRead MoreThe Use Of Cross Curricular Teaching Benefited The Children915 Words   |  4 Pages For the next part of my essay I am going to discuss a lesson I taught in school, and how I feel my use of cross-curricular teaching benefited the children. The processes beforehand involved looking at my long term planning, and think about the links I could make to produce lessons within the classroom. Working through cross-curricular lessons did save me a lot of time on planning, linking to views by John Rose, giving me a more time to think about my lessons. Inspiring a more enthusiastic approachRead MoreAnalysis of Desert Rose Essay examples1206 Words   |  5 PagesFor my analysis essay, I chose the song Desert Rose written and performed by Sting. Cheb Mami also wrote and performed the Arabic part of th e song. The genre of the song is pop and â€Å"Desert Rose† was released in 1999 but it was well known around 2000 due to its music video which was used in a Jaguar auto mobile commercial. I chose this song because Sting and Cheb Mami speak of longing and desire which is what every human being feels at some point in their lives. In life people always want somethingRead MoreEthical and Psychological Hedonism Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pageshedonism. These two theories are similar at their foundations (soon to be discussed) but when defined in terms of values, one is descriptive and the other is normative. Neither ethical nor psychological hedonism is perfect, I believe, though each has important strengths which offer the basis for discussion. Additionally, some arguments and ideas presented by Robert Nozick in his essay â€Å"The Experience Machine† prove relevant to the discussion of hedonism, where Nozick concludes by disagreeing with the hedonist’sRead MoreThe Legacy Of The New World1639 Words   |  7 Pagesstopped it to prosper, but also have helped to destroy it and pull it apart. Patrick’s arguments of the destruction of America are actually very accurate and effective. Audience and purpose are clearly defined in â€Å"Deconstructing America.† Patrick’s essay is aimed towards all conservative white Americans who are opposed to the idea that America should be diverse. He establishes his disagreement against diversity by saying that the British conquerors transformed America into a powerful nation becauseRead MoreThe Mind And Page : Remedial Writers And Cognitive Reductionism By Mike Rose968 Words   |  4 PagesMike Rose In this article, Rose argues against theories that have long claimed that â€Å"unsuccessful writers think in fundamentally different ways from successful writers† (325). He rejects Watkin’s theory that basic writers are field dependent learners, meaning they have difficulty abstracting information outside of their own experience; instead, Rose argues that basic writers’ responses to written assignments are a reflection of how they communicate in their own culture and environment. Rose feelsRead MoreKilling Daniel761 Words   |  4 PagesExpository text argumentative essay, killing Daniel written by Helen garner Question: non-fiction texts make comment on contemporary Australian society. Discuss. The function of an Expository text is to make comment on society in order to educate us on a world that we don’t have much experience with. The non-fiction text Killing Daniel written by Helen Garner, comments on contemporary Australian society by examining our refusal to open our eyes to brutal reality. Helen Garner exposes the horrificRead MoreThe Voice of Faulkner in A Rose for Emily858 Words   |  3 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to describe and reflect on the vast array of emotions revealed by the tone in the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner. The obvious tones used in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is a sense of fear, curiosity, gloom and terror along with the more subtle irony, guilt, and complicity and resistance to change. Faulkner’s layout for this story was genius he left elusive clues for the reader with the use of foreshadowing and flashbacks yet the complex chronology addedRead MoreHot Tortillas By Ofelia Zepeda1389 Words   |  6 PagesENG-356 Essay #3 Ofelia Zepeda offers an intimate account of the Sonora people, which relies on the narrative of a family interaction. She also emphasizes the vicarious learning occurred within the home. Meanwhile, Wendy Rose presents an open-ended quest to revive the progressively losing Hopi s history, stressing the need to proselytize or propagate Native American s history outside the boundary of the family. Therefore, both poems diverge in the imagery used to validate their messages. Read MoreThe Death Of Dying Is Never Lovely1173 Words   |  5 Pages A Barrier to Death Dying is never lovely. Mary Roach, defines in her essay, â€Å"Don’t Jump†, the mania from the sensation of her dropping from a precipice. The fall would have resulted in certain death if not for the attached cable halting her torso, SPLAT! Suggesting in the essay, â€Å"That jumping-off San Francisco’s Golden Gate Bridge would be a lovely way to go† (Roach, 2001). There are people that are desperate in life and choose this picturesque setting; the beauty of protruding boulders stippled

Design Of An Aquatic Centre Construction Essay Example For Students

Design Of An Aquatic Centre Construction Essay This undertaking study aims at the design and building of an aquatic Centre at Vellore Institute of Technology ( VIT ) in India. The completion clip of the undertaking is expected to be around March 20th, 2011.The four stages of Project Management Body of Knowledge ( PMBOK ) are used in the building and planning of undertaking. Besides the different countries of PMBOK such as range, clip, cost, quality, hazard, procurance, human resource, communicating and integrating are applied for transporting out the different stages of undertaking. Undertaking Description The mark of the undertaking is to construct an aquatic Centre for swimming, diversion and amusement activities dwelling of a 50 meter Olympic sized swimming pool and an bordering smaller pool for aqua aerobic exercises, plunging, H2O Polo and canoe Polo activities. Undertaking Name The undertaking name is assigned as VIT Aquatic Centre . Undertaking Location The location of the undertaking is designated at Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Undertaking proprietor and patron The Aquatic Centre is under the ownership of VIT University, Vellore, who besides acts as the undertaking sponsor chiefly for the coordination between the undertaking squad and the proprietor. The undertaking is financially powered by ICICI Bank and HSBC Bank in India along with the Reliance group. Undertaking Manager Bianca Baby, Sajeev Philips Abraham and Chen are chosen as the undertaking directors officially by the VIT University whose chief undertaking is to guarantee undertaking completion on clip within the restraints and restrictions of undertaking. Undertaking Vision Concluding end of the undertaking is to construct a modern aquatic Centre appropriate for swimming, diversion and amusement activities to the members of VIT University. The Phase of Project The undertaking is calculated to get down at the starting of 2nd semester of 2010 and the undertaking continuance is estimated to be about one twelvemonth. By the beginning of 2011 June the aquatic Centre is expected to be unfastened to the members of VIT University. The undertaking will be carried during the vacations other than the public vacations. After the undertaking completion an review by the University s schoolmaster is organized which is expected to take about 5 yearss. Before the gap a general cleansing of the premises will be ensured. Outline1 Users and stakeholders:2 9.1. Purpose of the undertaking3 9.2. Context of the undertaking4 9.3. Background of the undertaking5 9.4. Implementation construct of the undertaking6 9.5. Technology7 9.6. Undertaking Scope8 13. The value proposition for patron9 14. Constraints and Premises10 14.1 Constraints11 14.2 Premises12 15. How stages can ease bringing of future stages13 20. Cost Management:14 20.1 Cost Budget Estimation15 20.2 Cost Control Users and stakeholders: User Students, instructors and staffs of VIT University Contractor Hindustan Construction Company Saf Engineers, India Suppliers Ultra Hygienic Pvt. Ltd. Crystal Pools Pune, India Akon Electronics India Pvt Ltd Kirloskar Electric Owner VIT University 9.1. Purpose of the undertaking The chief aim of the undertaking is to build an aquatic Centre where the pupils and staff of VIT University can pattern assorted swimming, amusement and recreational activities. The aquatic Centre is aimed to hold a larger swimming pool adjoined by a smaller pool which is planned to be constructed in the Olympic size theoretical account with all the most modern techniques. 9.2. Context of the undertaking The chief intent of building the aquatic Centre is to advance H2O games at the VIT University. 9.3. Background of the undertaking As the involvement on H2O games has increased in the recent times, VIT University aims at giving particular preparation and most modern aquatic Centre installations to the pupils interested in this country with the execution of this aquatic Centre. Besides, aquatic Centre is viewed as an effectual method for disbursement leisure clip for pupils and staffs of VIT University. The university which has a long tally even though has a liquid pool does nt include modern techniques for pupils to pattern the H2O sports.Also, the old swimming pool is really little and frequently finds hard to suit a big figure. Othello (2470 words) EssayTable: 3 Internal Cost Estimation Component Number of people working Pay rate per hr Hours worked Entire Cost ( AUS $ ) Floor Tiling 50 30 4000 950,000,000 Grapevines N/A N/A N/A 80,000,000 Dressing Suites N/A N/A N/A 4,000,000 Plumbers and Electricians 50 30 2000 3,000,000 Bet oning Area N/A N/A N/A 80,000,000 Seating Agreements N/A N/A N/A 10,000,000 Heating and Cooling N/A N/A N/A 20,000,000 Lighting N/A N/A N/A 40,000,000 Supervisors 20 20 2000 800,000 Directors 20 30 2000 1,200,000 Sub-staffs 50 10 2000 1,000,000 Sub-Total 1,190,000,000 Table: 3 External Cost Estimation Component Number of people working Pay rate per hr Hours worked Entire Cost ( AUS $ ) Measurement of aquatic Centre business country 40 20 2500 2,000,000 Transportation system and Emergency N/A 100 2000 200,000 Security steps 4 20 2500 200,000 Cleaning, healthful and waste disposal 10 10 2000 200,000 Planing and having layout 12 20 200 5,000 Standardization of installations 14 10 300 3,000 Equipments installing and testing 10 10 200 5000 Inspection 20 10 300 4000 Fundamental Civil Construction of aquatic Centre 15 10 200 5,000 Parking Space N/A N/A N/A 2,000,000 Sub Total 4,600,000 20.2 Cost Control A set of mention baselines is established by the undertaking director before get downing the undertaking. In the ulterior phases as the work progresses, the work is monitored and findings are analysed. The terminal consequences are tried to be forecasted and a comparing with the mention baseline is done. On analyzing if the terminal consequences are non found to be satisfactory, accommodations are made by the cost control squad during the work advancement, thereby reiterating the rhythm at required intervals. If end consequences are wholly different from the baseline thought or program, program is subjected to alter by the patrons. Largely, mention baselines are subjected to alterations and whenever this happens a alteration in baseline program is occurred. In practical facets cost control of undertaking is a small hard which is clearly evidenced by the failure of many undertakings to overlook the costs. Preparation of cost control involves a batch of work and this should be good started at the beginning of the undertaking. Therefore undertaking director must be able to keep the yarn of undertaking cost control during the full undertaking span. It is duty of the undertaking director to maintain records of major paperss including Business Case, Capital Request Approvisation, Work Packages, and Work Breakdown Structure, Project charter, Project Budget and Cost Baseline constructions. All these actions indirectly contribute in efficaciously commanding the undertaking cost to the mention baseline approximated.

Treatment of escapism in “A Street car named desire” by Tennessee Williams and “Death Of a Salesman” by Arthur Miller Essay Example For Students

Treatment of escapism in â€Å"A Street car named desire† by Tennessee Williams and â€Å"Death Of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller Essay The two plays â€Å"A Street Car Named Desire† and â€Å"The Death of a Salesman† show the extreme desperation wrought in the lives of the protagonists-Blanche Dubois and Willy Loman. The playwrights give the audience an insight into the social and cultural background of their work so as to have a better understanding behind the tragedy of these characters. Blanche and Willy Loman are characters that are stuck up with their fantasies and imaginations, and as a result they escape the harsh realities of life. Blanche tries to hide her past, thinking that there exists an â€Å"Elysian Fields† (paradise where she can regain her joy) her in New Orleans. She lives in dreams and illusions, and tries her utmost to erase her past. But she forgets that she is not a part of the new America, and hence the more she pretends to be safer the more she is endangering herself. She loses her balance of mind and ends up in a lunatic asylum. We will write a custom essay on Treatment of escapism in â€Å"A Street car named desire† by Tennessee Williams and â€Å"Death Of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Willy Loman is never able to confront his failure as a Salesman, and lives in the American dream. He tries to cover his failure through a number of show off, and harbors false hopes for his sons. Realizing that he is a broke, and that his sons are not tailor made to become salesmen, he commits suicide. Thus the two characters have been portrayed by the playwrights as escapists, who are willing to compromise more with their consciences than reconcile to the realities of lives. They escape not knowing that the more they are running to their fantasy worlds the more they are drowning themselves in the bog of reality. Desire and imagination lead them to death whether literal or metaphorical. The dramatists are successful in showing that such a tragic ending is the only solution to characters that are escapists. The American dramatists â€Å"Tennessee Williams† and â€Å"Arthur Miller† deal with the theme of escapism in their respective plays. Escapism is not an uncommon theme in the American plays of the 19th century. American drama during this era often showed the hopelessness of characters that could not live up to their hopes and expectations. But more than dealing with the theme of escapism I have chosen these American plays to analyze how playwrights’ treatment of this theme is different in each play. I feel that this research question is very significant, as it will help me understand the characters that tend to be escapists in their particular circumstances. This assignment will also bring forth the social and cultural atmosphere prevailing in America at that time. I will try to show that the characters of Blanche Dubois and Willy Loman are no ordinary characters; they have a lot of heroic element despite the odds swaying their destinies. Is it not heroic that un til the denouement of the play they have hopes? They depart physically or metaphorically from the stage optimistically, lost in their illusions, never once caring for their sufferings on body and soul. The characters-Blanche and Loman, although flawed, have substance that makes them unforgettable character heroes of the American Stage. In order to analyze the question how they take subterfuge of escapism, this essay will explore the settings, structure, symbols, characters and theatrical devices as used by the two dramatists. In order to better understand the difference in their treatment to the theme of escapism I will make use of the autobiographical accounts of the dramatists, and try to relate them to the tragedies of their protagonists. The stage directions are also of a great help while understanding what goes in the mind of the protagonists at the final hour. A thorough study of the life of â€Å"Tennessee Williams† reveals a number of incidents that appear to have been cast in his masterpiece â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire.† His life during the Second World War is a contrast between the opposites. He has to shift from Mississippi to New Orleans, the south, far removed from the grandeur of the Mississippi. There can be drawn a parallel between his journey and Blanche’s journey to New Orleans. His homosexuality makes him an outlier in The American society, and he takes refuge in New Orleans, where alcoholism, prostitution and homosexuality are condoned. Blanche’s life is destroyed by the suicide of her homosexual husband, and subsequently by her misdemeanors, and therefore she too has to migrate to the New Orleans American society. The â€Å"prefrontal lobotomy on Rose1† can be equated with Blanche’s journey from sanity to insanity, and her psychological breakdown. To sum up all these incidents and events make Williams an escapist, a fugitive and an alcoholic, a trait soon to be witnessed in his play â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire† in the character of Blanche. 1. Miller too weaves the autobiographical elements in â€Å"Death of a Salesman†, and conjectures the character of Willy Loman after his first hand experience. Like Tennessee, he too had to migrate to Brooklyn, struggling under Great Depression, when his father’s business plunged during the Wall Street Crash. Poverty, Depression and post World War scenario influenced Miller to write a play on the everyday and vulnerable people. â€Å"Death of a Salesman† is a reminder of Miller’s â€Å"riches to ragged childhood†. In the words of his sister Joan, â€Å"Arthur carries scars from that time. It doesnt take a great observer to notice that. It is a memory, in his nerves, and in his muscles, that he just cant get rid of2.† 1. â€Å"Death of a Salesman† is a tragedy of a common man, a tragedy somewhat removed from Aristotelian notions wherein the protagonist is essentially from a noble and elevated background. In his essay â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man† Miller says, â€Å"today few tragedies are written due to the lack of heroes among us. Approach to the tragedy as being suitable for kings only is archaic, and that the common man can also be a subject of the tragedy3.† Miller’s experience with the harsh realities of life made him write other plays as well such as â€Å"All My Sons†, â€Å"The Crucible†, â€Å"A View From the Bridge†, and â€Å"After the Fall†, all of which revolve around the theme of â€Å"fragility of human relationships—especially between fathers and sons4.† Miller creates the character of Willy Loman after his uncle Newman5, a man who always compared his son, Buddy, with Miller. Newman never accepted the fact that his son was a failure, and had always lived in the illusion that Buddy was doing very well. We can see a parallel between Newman’s elusive approach to his son and Willy’s to his son Biff when he finds that Charley’s son, Bernard has become a Supreme Court advocate. Just as Newman stuck to his illusions, favoring pride over the truth, Willy stuck to his lies and illusions about his sons. The legend of Newman helps Miller write the tragedy of a common man, who cannot see the reality, and as a result must escape in a dream world. Newman and Willy are characters that cannot cope with realities when their â€Å"capitalist belief that if you work hard enough you can be a success in America6† is reduced to ashes. The setting of the play â€Å"A Street Car Named Desire† is vital to what fate has in store for Blanche. Blanche, who grew up on a plantation called Belle Reve, is out of sorts when she faces the crude people living on the Elysian Fields. For her this place is uncivilized, as is natural for a â€Å"Southern Belle.† The contrast between Belle Reve and the Kowalski apartment shows the audience the wide split between illusion and reality. It is here in New Orleans that people of mixed races thrive in poor and clumsy lodgings. It is obvious that the one time owner of Belle Reve cannot cope up with the harsh realities of life. Moreover, the action takes place on the first floor of a two-bedroom apartment, a place without any privacy. This male dominated place is stinking and rotting in the eyes of Blanche, and she cannot put up with the way the men treat their wives. Thus the settings are important in that whatever hopes and prejudice Blanche had on her mind before coming he re are shattered. Since she cannot accommodate herself in this new culture and society, she loses herself in illusions and imaginations. Williams uses a number of symbols and motifs to show how Blanche takes respite in escaping from reality. The very title of the play serves as a device of foreshadowing to the audience. She tells Eunice, â€Å"They told me to take a streetcar named Desire, and then transfer to one called Cemeteries and ride six blocks and get off at – Elysian Fields7†. This quote shows the vulnerable condition of Blanche, and her faith in the words of the strangers. We don’t know who â€Å"they† is but we can understand that Blanche is out of sorts, and full of desire, and she clings to hope like a dying man. Blanche is full of desire to love and to be loved, and it is for this reason she boards the trains â€Å"desire† and â€Å"cemeteries.† â€Å"Elysian Fields† refers to the abode of the dead in Greek mythology. Thus through the title alone the audience can see that Blanche’s journey to New Orleans will be nothing but her metaphorical death. .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 , .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .postImageUrl , .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 , .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269:hover , .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269:visited , .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269:active { border:0!important; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269:active , .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269 .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u47c8baa9cafdc15fbb8f601750157269:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The play which Shakespeare wrote was a romantic tragedy called 'Romeo and Juliet' EssayHer family plantation Belle Reve means â€Å"beautiful dreams† and it appears many times in the play how she clings to her dreams and illusions. Her name means â€Å"white woods† a reference to purity and innocence. She maintains and stresses her purity through her dresses before everyone. She uses â€Å"white suit with a fluffy bodice, necklace and earrings of pearl, white gloves and hat8† but Williams compares her to a moth, a short-lived creature that dies when exposed to light. The moth like Blanche keeps herself distant from light, and she uses â€Å"Chinese la nterns† to hide her age and appearance. She hates light and says â€Å"And turn that over-light off! Turn that off! I won’t be looked at in this merciless glare9†. By avoiding light She wants to escape the reality that she is middle aged woman, past her prime, and that truth cannot be hidden. Eventually Mitch becomes suspicious and tears the lantern off to have a look at her in light. This sight is too much for Blanche, and for the first time the audience sees her hatred of the reality of life, â€Å"I don’t want realism†¦I’ll tell you what I want. Magic! Yes, yes, magic! I misrepresent things to them. I don’t tell the truth. I tell what ought to be truth. And if that is sinful, then let me be damned for it! – Don’t turn the light on10. She sings â€Å"its only a paper moon, sailing over a cardboard sea11†, which again shows how she believes that life can be led by the lovers in their imagined reality. When Blanche claims, â€Å"After all, a woman’s charm is fifty percent illusion12† it can be seen that her life is diametrically opposite to reality. Blanche resorts to bathing repeatedly in an effort to cleanse herself of her promiscuous past. She claims that baths soothe her nerves but as she cannot erase her past from her mind her bathing is never done. â€Å"In the bathroom the water goes on loud; little breathless cries and peals of laughter are heard as if a child were frolicking in the rub13.† These words show the audience that Blanch loses herself in her childlike innocence while taking hot baths. In order to further delude herself she has to resort to drinking. â€Å"Suddenly she notices something in a half-opened closet. She springs up and crosses to it, and removes a whiskey bot tle. She pours a half tumbler of whiskey and tosses it down. She carefully replaces the bottle and washes out the tumbler at the sink.14† Since drinking is not allowed for homely women, Blanche has to resort to lying and deceits also, â€Å"No, I, rarely touch it15.† But rather than helping her forget her past, alcohol removes her from the path of sanity. Miller too employs a volley of symbols and motifs in â€Å"Death of a Salesman† to depict the journey of Willy Loman’s escapism into a dream world. For Willy, woods and jungles refer to a world of success. Although he could not take the initiative of entering the woods with his Brother Ben, he often explores this forest through his imagination. After he is fired from his job, the land parts under his feet and he cries, â€Å"The woods are burnin16.† Burning refers to the end of his dream as well as his clinging hopes that he can realize the American Dream by becoming a famous salesman. When he hears Ben proclaiming that â€Å"the jungle is dark but full of diamonds16†, Willy is influenced to change this dark into light by committing suicide. Again the diamonds found by Ben in the jungle are a symbol of success for Willy. Although a complete failure, Willy still sees the hopes in the diamonds and plans to â€Å"fetch a diamond17† for Biff by committi ng suicide. He is not aware of the fact the insurance company may forfeit his claim on the insurance money in the event of discovering that his death was a suicide. But he is preoccupied with his imagination and says, â€Å"I see it like a diamond, shining in the dark, hard and rough, that I can pick up and touch in my hand18†. The settings of Brooklyn resemble a forest of concrete highly populated by people from all walks of life. Willy’s apartment lies in a congested place where there is no sunshine. But lost in his illusions he hankers for a garden in order to create a better and healthy life for his family. He is utterly disappointed â€Å"The grass dont grow anymore, you cant raise a carrot in the back yard19.† Miller uses the garden as a motif, and Willy tries his utmost to sow the seeds in the garden of his imagination, never for a moment realizing that there is not a blade of grass in the concrete of Brooklyn Willy is taken on a flight of his imagination toward his past whenever he sees Linda mending her stockings. The stocking reminds him of his sexual liaison with a woman, and of his happy times when he could afford to give stockings to his mistress. Willy is surrounded by other symbols that remind him of his status, and also the fact that how much engrossed he had become in acquirin g the American Dream. He has all the brands in his house, â€Å"Chevrolet, Simonize, Hastings, Studebaker20.† The name of the Chevvy makes his heart swell with pride, as it is â€Å"the greatest car ever built21† Equating the brands with success is a folly not only of the salesman but also of a common man. The hosepipe hidden by Willy is the immediate symbol of the end of his American Dream, and his ardent wish to commit suicide. But even in this symbol, Willy has elusive hopes; he thinks that with this benevolent gesture his will make his family rich. The stage directions in â€Å" A Streetcar Named Desire† switch from light to dark and vice versa indicating that Blanche tries to run away from her present, and takes refuge in her past. The dark shows her desire to lose herself in ignorance. Williams uses a Blue Piano in the background, and he uses its music to show the emotional state of Blanche. She is lonely and broken, and wants to catch a straw like a dying man. The music is played when she recounts the loss of Belle Reve and the deaths of her family members through â€Å"epic fornications.22† The music is again at its loudest when she kisses the paperboy. May be she sees her young husband â€Å"Alan Gray† in the boy, a fact which again shows that she cannot be separated from her past, and that she is not willing to take any lessons from it. Blanche has a deep interest in the young boys; a fact that indicates her desire to make up for her dead husband. Williams makes use of the â€Å"Varsouviana Polka23â €  to further show her falling condition. When she loses herself in the contemplation of Shep Huntleigh, â€Å"The Varsouviana is filtered into weird distortion, accompanied by the cries and noises of the jungle24.† Varsouviana swings her back to the time of her husband’s death, and it is only with the sound of a gunshot that her reverie is broken. Thus Polka helps the audience realize the intensity with which she is tied to her illusions forgetting the stark reality of life. Like Tennessee, Miller’s stage directions are also the flagship of his success. He employs impeccable theatrical devices to make the audience realize the transition of Willy from the present to the past. Through flashbacks, time switches and memories, Miller depicts a detailed picture of Willy’s last twenty-four years following the Greek unity of twenty-four hours in a drama. Like the Stanley’s house in New Orleans, the Lomans’ house too looks like a skeleton of a house, whose walls are transparent. The characters walk through the walls to indicate the past and through the doors to indicate the present. â€Å"Whenever the action is in the present the actors observe the imaginary wall-lines, entering the house only through its door at the left. But in the scenes of the past these boundaries are broken, and characters enter or leave a room by stepping ‘through’ a wall on the forestage25.† Miller makes specific use of lighting to show Will y’s descent into the past. The lighting is warm and soft when Willy transcends into the past but harsh and bright when he is transported into the present. Lighting is very helpful for the audience to realize Willy’s oscillation between the present and the past. At the end of the play all the apartment buildings surrounding the Lomans’ house â€Å"rise into sharp focus26† thereby signifying that Willy does not have to travel anymore to his past either through the flashback or his memories. Similar to the Varsouviana Polka, Miller employs the music of the flute to show Willy’s infatuation with the past. The music of the flute reminds Willy of his father who made and sold the flutes. â€Å"A melody is heard, played upon by a flute. It is small and fine, telling of grass and trees and the horizon27.† Willy constantly hears the flute although sometimes he is not aware of it. The music of the flute is used by Miller as a motif to show that the memory of Willy’s father haunts Willy. The music transports him to the past, and he wonders why he cant become as crafty a salesman as a flute player his father was. By the time he comes home, the flute fades away. The flute is the last thing in the requiem, and keeps on playing until the curtain falls. The flute indicates that Willy has perhaps become not only the part of dust but also a part of his past. .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 , .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .postImageUrl , .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 , .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9:hover , .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9:visited , .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9:active { border:0!important; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9:active , .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9 .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u614f2266932f123eb3141a690e2c54b9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: "This days black fate on moes day doth depend" EssayTennessee shows that Blanche is so blinded to reality that she does not understand what it is to be happily married. She does not understand that Stanley and Stella make a happy couple, and that nobody can pull them apart. But for an educated woman like Blanche, sex cannot be the basis of a married life, and hence she tries to disintegrate them. She dislikes Stanley and declares, He acts like an animal, has an animals habits! Eats like one, moves like one, talks like one! Theres even something -sub-human-something not quite to the stage of humanity yet!28† She calls Stanley a brute, an ape and a â€Å"Polack† and asks Stella to come over to her. In the deep recesses of her mind she is still the Southern Belle who can shelter her sister in Belle Reve. The clash between Blanche and Stanley is a clash between realism and fantasy. Stanley the realist cannot tolerate her tearing his domestic happiness, and under the effect of alcohol and Blanche’s provocation he rapes her. It is to Blanche’s dismay that when she tells the reality to Stella and Eunice, they turn a deaf ear to her. Thus reality does not go hand in hand with Blanche. She is happy in her illusions, and at the time she is sent to the lunatic asylum, she again loses herself in her imaginations. As she leaves, she says, â€Å"I have always depended on the kindness of strangers29.† Thus she escapes reality even during her mental breakdown. A Streetcar Named desire ends with Blanche’s insanity but the audience feels that this insanity is what can make Blanches sane. She is not a product of reality; she is a part and parcel of her illusions, and may be she will live happily in her madness. The character of Blanche is that of a strong woman who prefers to live in her illusions rather than face the harsh realties of the cruel patriarchal society. After the death of her husband and her family members, she is lonely and desperate. But She tries to resurrect herself in every possible way rather than surrender or lead the role of a passive woman in the society. She tries to overcome the lack of Alan’s love by surrendering herself to â€Å"intimacies with strangers30.† In a world where a lonely woman is nothing but a commodity, she craves for recognition. â€Å"Men don’t – don’t even admit your existence unless they are making love to you. And you’ve got to have your existence a dmitted by someone, if you’re going to have someone’s protection31.† It is the tragedy of her life that the more she craves for protection the more she becomes vulnerable. She is not the â€Å"Tarantula that brought her victims to32.† She is a simple, strong but frustrated woman who is entrapped in a vicious web by the patriarchal society. Her madness is her metaphorical death, and may be her exemplary salvation from the brutal world of New Orleans. Williams uses dramatic irony when Blanche says of Stanley â€Å"The first time I laid eyes on him I thought to myself, that man is my executioner33!† and to some extent this execution will help Blanche lead a happy life lost in her illusions in the mental asylum. Thus the escapist Blanche gets the better of a realist Blanche in Williams’ play, and it is the beginning of a new end for her. She will live once again in her illusions happily aided by a stark madness. If the patriarchal society is the root cause of Blanche’s tragic fate, Willy Loman is victimized by the capitalist system of America. Willy is not only a salesman; he is a metaphor for the failure of American Dream. He fails as a seller but who does not? Miller once said during an interview, â€Å"We are all salesman, meaning that we are all trying to impress others so that we can be popular (or â€Å"well-liked,† as Willy says)34.† Having failed in achieving his dreams, he is left with ruminating his past when he had been a successful man. Fantasizing and reminiscing give him momentary respite, but he has to face the realities also. He is ashamed of his misdemeanors. His high expectations of his sons, infidelity with his wife, his inability to pay the bills, begging Charley for every expense make him aware of his flawed character, and he finds the reality too cruel to cope with. Gradually he loses balance of mind, suffers a psychological breakdown, and contempla tes suicide as the last resort. Miller describes Willy as â€Å"literally at that terrible moment when the voice of the past is no longer distant but quite as loud as the voice of the present35†, a condition Tennessee presents in the character of Blanche. Both the characters are haunted by the past, and escaping into the past again and again makes them aloof, chary and indifferent to reality. The dramatists have used various literary devices to show the theme of escapism in their respective works. The protagonists are tragic figures that have to take the subterfuge of escapism under the different social, cultural and economic conditions prevailing in America. Blanche suffers from illusions as her hideous past haunts her while Willy escapes down the memory way to regale his past. If Blanche takes to sex, alcohol, baths and Chinese lanterns, Willy dreams of diamonds, gardens, stockings and the childhood of his sons. Both the characters Blanche and Willy are tragic in that they become a victim of their own flaw s, a fact that makes them misfit in the American society. They are trapped so viciously in the intricate webs of their lives that they have to physically or metaphorically die in order to exonerate themselves from the gossamer of realities. The two dramatists deal with the theme of escapism, and no doubt show that Blanche and Willy are reduced to a tragic fate by the forces of society. Both are haunted by their past, and they want a perfect dream world, a fairy island for them to exist somewhere. The dramatists write of the American society of the post world war era, and show how war, modernism and capitalism can harm the lives of ordinary people. Although the main theme of the dramatists, and the writing style is the same yet they deal with their themes differently, with a different purpose on their minds. When it comes to their writing style we find that â€Å"Death of a Salesman† has very less to do with â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire.† Miller writes the play in a more expressionistic manner, and invents a new style that helps him deal with the theme of escapism in a unique manner. It is a play where there is no transition. Miller says, â€Å"There is a direct thrust of the story from the first minute, each scene is cut at its earliest moment, and succeeding scenes begin at the latest possible moment.36† The way Miller writes and directs the scenes helps the audience understand the delusions and memories of the protagonist Willy in a more sympathetic manner. Blanche is an individual who suffers on account of the social influences on households; Willy is a universal man, who represents everyman and dreams of success and fame. Blanche symbolizes the disappearance of Old America while Willy symbolizes the disappearance of American Dream. Blanche meets with her tragic ending as she is at war with a patriarchal society represented by Stanley, a symbol of New America, but Willy is at war with himself. There is no antagonist in â€Å"Death of a Salesman†; hence it is the inner conflict that leads Willy to such desperation. In the Aristotelian canons of tragedy, it is Tennessee who reaches the mark closely, as besides the tragic flaw of Blanche the audience sees Stanley as the personification of evil. The plays are realistic in nature but with a degree of variation which helps the dramatists to mold their characters as perfect escapists. If Tennessee calls his work â€Å"a tragedy with the classic aim of producing a catharsis of pity and terror37, Miller calls his work as â€Å"a tragedy of the common man.† They are escapists, no doubt, but they are tragic heroes in that they do not lose hopes until the very end. For Blanche, there is Shep Huntleigh while for Willy there is a hope â€Å"Ben, that funeral will be massive! Theyll come from Maine, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire38!† Having realized that they are not part of the Darwinian society of America, Blanche and Willy escape to their dream worlds in their fantasies, leaving the readers sympathize with the root cause of their sufferings-the American socio, cultural and political conditions after World war II.

Free Essays on Rastafarianism

I. Group Profile 1. Name: Rastafarians, Rastas, or Ras Tafarians 1 2. Founder: Tafari Makonnen, pre-coronation title of His Imperial Majesty Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia. However, Selassie was more the embodiment of the Rasta faith than the actual founder of the religion. In actuality, he was known to have been devoted to Ethiopian Orthodox faith, which is more Christian-based in its theology. 2 3. Date of Birth: 1892 4. Birth Place: Harer, Ethiopia 5. Year Founded: approximately 19303 6. Sacred or Revered Texts: Certain sections of the Holy Bible are considered sacred, however the Rastafarians believe that some aspects of the Bible were changed by "Babylon," which has come to represent the white power structure. To greater represent the truth, Rastafarians reject the Bible used by most Christians, opting instead for a "black man's Bible," known as the Holy Piby. 4 Also, Rastafarians give special significance to the Ethiopian Holy Book, the Kebra Negast. 7. Cult or Sect: Negative sentiments are typically implied when the concepts "cult" and "sect" are employed in popular discourse. Since the Religious Movements Homepage seeks to promote religious tolerance and appreciation of the positive benefits of pluralism and religious diversity in human cultures, we encourage the use of alternative concepts that do not carry implicit negative stereotypes. For a more detailed discussion of both scholarly and popular usage of the concepts "cult" and "sect," please visit our Conceptualizing "Cult" and "Sect" page, where you will find additional links to related issues. 8. Size of Group and Member Characteristics: There are between 3,000 and 5,000 Rastafarians in the United States. However, these figures may be slighly distorted as a result of the large number of people who have adopted the external appearance of Rastafarians. 5 Worldwide, the total following is approximately 1,000,000 people.6 Most members are male. Tradit... Free Essays on Rastafarianism Free Essays on Rastafarianism I. Group Profile 1. Name: Rastafarians, Rastas, or Ras Tafarians 1 2. Founder: Tafari Makonnen, pre-coronation title of His Imperial Majesty Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia. However, Selassie was more the embodiment of the Rasta faith than the actual founder of the religion. In actuality, he was known to have been devoted to Ethiopian Orthodox faith, which is more Christian-based in its theology. 2 3. Date of Birth: 1892 4. Birth Place: Harer, Ethiopia 5. Year Founded: approximately 19303 6. Sacred or Revered Texts: Certain sections of the Holy Bible are considered sacred, however the Rastafarians believe that some aspects of the Bible were changed by "Babylon," which has come to represent the white power structure. To greater represent the truth, Rastafarians reject the Bible used by most Christians, opting instead for a "black man's Bible," known as the Holy Piby. 4 Also, Rastafarians give special significance to the Ethiopian Holy Book, the Kebra Negast. 7. Cult or Sect: Negative sentiments are typically implied when the concepts "cult" and "sect" are employed in popular discourse. Since the Religious Movements Homepage seeks to promote religious tolerance and appreciation of the positive benefits of pluralism and religious diversity in human cultures, we encourage the use of alternative concepts that do not carry implicit negative stereotypes. For a more detailed discussion of both scholarly and popular usage of the concepts "cult" and "sect," please visit our Conceptualizing "Cult" and "Sect" page, where you will find additional links to related issues. 8. Size of Group and Member Characteristics: There are between 3,000 and 5,000 Rastafarians in the United States. However, these figures may be slighly distorted as a result of the large number of people who have adopted the external appearance of Rastafarians. 5 Worldwide, the total following is approximately 1,000,000 people.6 Most members are male. Tradit...

Definition and Examples of Zimbabwean English

Definition and Examples of Zimbabwean English Zimbabwean English is the variety of the English language spoken in the Republic of Zimbabwe, located in southern Africa. English is the primary language used in schools in Zimbabwe, but it is one of the 16 official languages in the country.   Examples and Observations: From Rhodesia to ZimbabweZimbabwe, earlier Southern Rhodesia, became a British colony in 1898. By 1923 it gained a measure of self-government and was part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland from 1953 to 1963. Like South Africa, Southern Rhodesia had a settled white population, the leaders of whom opposed the notion of one man, one vote. In 1965, the white minority broke away from Britain but its Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) was declared illegal. In 1980, general elections were held and Zimbabwe came into existence.(Loreto Todd and Ian F. Hancock, International English Usage. Routledge, 1986)Influences on  Zimbabwean EnglishRhodesian English is regarded as a fossil, non-productive dialect. Independence as a democratic republic under black majority rule in 1980 changed the social, economic and political conditions in which blacks and whites interacted in Zimbabwe; in this environment, it is appropriate to refer to the prevailing English dialect in the country as Zimbabwean English (ZimE) as it is a productive and changing variety. . . .The principal influences on Rhodesian English lexis are Afrikaans and Bantu (mainly chiShona and isiNdebele). The more informal the situation, the more likely it is is to encounter local expressions.(Susan Fitzmaurice, L1 Rhodesian English. The Lesser-Known Varieties of English, ed. by D. Schreier et al. Cambridge University Press, 2010) Characteristics of  Zimbabwean English[W]hite Zimbabweans perceive that their dialect of English is distinct from other southern African accents. They . . . refer to details of pronunciation and lexis in order to illustrate how their speech differs from British English on the one hand and South African English on the other. For example, informants will refer to the fact that lakker . . . is a Zimbabwean word. Actually, it is a loanword from Afrikaans lekker, nice, but it is pronounced in a specifically Zimbabwean way, namely with a more open front vowel: lakker  [là ¦kÉ™]  and without a final flapped [r]. Additionally, Zimbabwean English has unique lexical expressions, many of them dating from early colonial days, some adaptations or innovations, some loan translations. For example, the (now quite old-fashioned) approbatory adjective mush or mushy . . . nice may well have arisen out of the persistent misunderstanding of the Shona word musha  home, while shupa (v. and n.) worry, bother, hassle, is a borrowing from Fanagalo, the colonial pidgin used by whites. The verb chaya strike ( Shona tshaya) also occurs in Fanagalo. Thus white Zimbabweans . . . link their dialect to the matter of the identification with place and differentiate themselves from those from neighboring South Africa for instance.(Susan Fitzmaurice, History, Social Meaning, and Identity in the Spoken English of White Zimbabweans.  Developments in English: Expanding Electronic Evidence, ed. by  Irma Taavitsainen  et al. Cambridge University Press, 2015) English in ZimbabweEnglish is the official language of Zimbabwe, and much teaching in schools is also carried out in English, except in the case of the youngest Shomna- and Ndebele-speaking children. . . . The Zimbabwean English of the native anglophone population resembles very closely that of South Africa, but according to Wells (1982) it has never been systematically studied. Native English speakers make up less than 1 per cent of the total population of 11 million.(Peter Trudgill, Lesser-Known Varieties of English. Alternative Histories of English, ed. by R. J. Watts and P. Trudgill. Routledge, 2002) Also Known As: Rhodesian English

How to fix the stray animal problem in Austin,texas Essay

How to fix the stray animal problem in Austin,texas - Essay Example Among all stray animals dogs occupy the foremost position which over 500 million. This phenomenally large number has emerged as serious predicament for animal welfare organizations as these stray dogs suffering from hunger and illness seek sanctuary in human communities where they are generally seen as a nuisance by people living alongside them. Moreover diseases caused by the bites of dogs such as rabies and distemper are extremely fatal and are not easily curable. (Austin pet Directory) Lack of knowledge and widespread unawareness about the problem has further worsened the problem. Communities in developing countries often take barbaric steps to solve this problem which includes measures like electrocuting dogs or simply shooting them. These appalling methods afflict great pain on the animal and simultaneously are not beneficial in long term as they fail to identify the root causes of the problem. (Wild Life Removal) The city of Austin has always been certified as a 'bird sanctuary' city which can be vindicated from the fact that the city administration has allocated thousands of acres of land to preserve the species and habitats of salamanders and warblers, but concurrently the city lacks greatly when it comes to providing help to animals once they are out of their protected environment and are found injured in the backyard of someone's residence. (ci. Austin)It is commendable to see that over a period of a year or two developments in this particular segment has been phenomenal. The administration of the city has been formulating effective strategies in collaboration with non-governmental organizations to address this issue at a suitable platform. Many organizations and associations which include prominent names like Protection for Animal and Welfare Services or PAWS, Shadow Cats Rescue, The Central Texas SPCA and ARF. All these organizations are playing a laudable role to counter the looming t hreat of stray animals in the city. Among all of these the role of PAWS has been instrumental in every sense. The prime objective of this non-governmental organization is to increase awareness among people by initiatives like educational campaigns and promotion of human standards to prevent cruelty to animals. In addition to this it also focuses on providing shelter to homeless animals and help in the reduction of domestic animal overpopulation. PAWS have also been working in joint ventures with Texas VOAD (Voluntary Organization Active in Disaster) and UAN (United Animal Nations) in natural disasters. (Bats Specialist) In conjunction to this another prominent name is that of Spay Austin Coalition a group of individuals in Austin working collectively to increase acquaintance about stray animals by means of education, resources and opportunities to weather the over-population problem of such animals in the city. Town Lake Animal Center is the largest animal rehabilitation center situated in Central Texas which provides shelter to over 23,000 stray animals found in the city of Austin and other areas adjoining it. The center which has been developed in conjunction with the ASPCA focuses on training people ways by which they can identify and report cases of animal cruelty. (Austin Pet

Internet Marketing Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7000 words

Internet Marketing - Dissertation Example These athletes would be like spokespeople for the shoes. Other considerations that Mercury needs to consider is whether they want to concentrate on on-line stores or brick and mortar stores, and the importance of conducting marketing research to get ahead of coming trends. These are all the concerns which have been identified by research regarding on-line marketing trends. This research was compiled by using the methodology of secondary research, which means that, as opposed to using primary research as a methodology, the actual data was collected by others. The advantages to this are cost and time, as secondary research is must less costly than primary, and can be compiled in much more timely fashion. This dissertation will also propose an on-line marketing model which utilizes the concepts which have been revealed through the research. Introduction Internet marketing is an excellent, relatively low-cost way, for new brands to get their name out to the general public. Research shows that social marketing, if done correctly, can produce excellent dividends for companies, and specific research about Facebook shows that its demographic and reach would be an excellent place to focus the marketing plan. ... Other considerations that Mercury needs to consider is whether they want to concentrate on on-line stores or brick and mortar stores, and the importance of conducting marketing research to get ahead of coming trends. Methodology   Ã‚   The research method that was used was secondary data.  Ã‚   Secondary data is, in a nutshell, data that has been collected by others. It can be in the form of government and regulatory reports, company reports, published academic research, and internal documents produced by organizations (Harris, 2001).  Ã‚  Ã‚   The advantages of using secondary data is that it is readily available, and generally has a low cost.   (Hopperth, 2005).   This is contrast with collecting primary data, which is often prohibitively expensive. (Brown & Semradek, 1992).   Time factors are also important, in that primary data can take years to compile, while secondary data may be compiled in a matter of months. (Hopperth, 2005).     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this case, the secondary data that has been compiled consists mainly of articles in peer-reviewed journals, as well as resources which have been compiled from Internet search sources. It is appropriate to obtain secondary sources from the Internet, as the topic is in regards to on-line marketing. To this end, the articles which are germane to the topic are not limited to peer-reviewed articles and studies, but also more informal informative sources, such as blogs, as these may provide insights into the topic at hand. The inclusion criteria for articles are that the articles should be recent. While there are some articles which date from the early 2000s, the majority of the articles are from 2008 and later. This is important, as on-line marketing is ever-evolving, and the strategies which define the genre

Without Fear or Shame Essay Example for Free

Without Fear or Shame Essay James W. Clarke, strongly deliberates the lynching epidemic of the tensioned south during the late nineteenth century between the white supremacies and the newly emancipated blacks. Clarke explains that, â€Å"Before emancipation, lynching was primarily a frontier phenomenon that occurred when sheriffs, judges, juries, and jails were far removed by space and time from wrongdoing and a demand for swift retribution.†(271) Although lynching was not new to the south, it was becoming a new symbolization of racial oppression. Clarke also states that the targets for lynching were the freed black men as oppose to those who were still enslaved. Slaves were very much protected by the owners and seen as valuable investments. Although many argue that lynching was an act of punishment for wrongdoings, in actuality it was mostly used as an excuse for racial injustice. To add credibility to this argument, Clarke uses several graphs and charts from the Department of Records and Research of Tuskeegee, Southern newspapers, student of Fisk University narratives, recordings, photographs, and criminal cases, among more. There were many recorded lynchings throughout the south and yet more continued. One man by the name of Sam Hose was lynched in Palmetto, Georgia for openly admitting to killing his employer over an argument on his wages. Hose was slowly burned to death after having his fingers, toes and tongue amputated. â€Å"Public interest was so aroused that special excursion trains were scheduled to carry curious spectators from Atlanta.† (269) another black man named Henry Lowery was also burned to death for shooting and killing his employer and the employer’s daughter due to an argument over wages he owed him. Clarke cites a reporter from the Memphis Press whom had attended the event and said that, â€Å"more than 500 persons stood by and looked on while the negro was slowly burned to a crisp.† (270) these were among the many lynchings that occurred throughout this era. Clarke also cites Raper’s The Tragedy of Lynching as he researches the lynchings of the 1930’s and concludes that, â€Å"lynching was an angry response to difficult economic circumstances that produced frustration and aggravated competition between black and white labourers.† (272) Other theories consisted of whites feeling threatened by blacks and used aggression to defend themselves, but of course these are only theories and there still aren’t consistent explanations for these actions. After the restoration of stats’ rights in 1877 the violence only got worse and the Ku Klux Klan hoods were exchanged for police uniforms, making it a lot easier to seem threatening. Those in fear now were the black males born after emancipations. â€Å"These black youngsters approached manhood treated as predators, beasts no white man needed a license to hunt.† Explains Clark (278) This article gave me great understanding of what the violence in the south between whites and blacks was really like. What really caught my attention were the burning of the black men and how white people would actually find curiosity out of someone else’s misery. The indifference of the law was also a main concern, since it is clear that the majority ruled. Also, knowing now that there is no biological difference between races makes me wonder if things would have been differently if the people had known that earlier.

Thomas Edison Essay -- Biography History Thomas Edison Essays

Thomas Edison was a man who influenced America more than anyone else. Some of the inventions he pioneered are still used to this day. He was a man who spent almost his entire life working as a scientist, and receiving more than 1,200 patents in his lifetime. (Anderson pg.7) Thomas Edison’s life was probably twice as productive as a modern day chemist, he was a firm believer of an eight hour work day, eight hours in the morning, and eight in the afternoon. Aside from his amazing history as an adult Edison lived an equally exciting childhood. Thomas Edison was born in Milan Ohio on February 11, 1847. At the time, his father was owner of a successful shingle and lumber company. However with new railroads being built through Milan his father lost customers to the bigger companies which began to open. The Edison’s were forced to move to Port Huron, where he first began his education. When he was only seven years old his teacher, the Reverend G.B. Engle considered Thomas to b e a dull student, and was terrible in math. After three months of school his teacher called him "addled," which means confused or mixed up. Thomas stormed home.(minot, pg1) The next day, Nancy Edison brought Thomas back to school to talk to Reverend Engle. He told her that Thomas couldn’t learn. His mother became so angry at the strict Reverend that she decided to home-school him.(minot 1) After a while his mother, a former teacher herself, recognized his un usual abilities to reason. She quickly got him interested in History and Classic books. Thomas however was strangely attracted to the subject of science. By the age of ten Thomas Edison had already been experimenting and by now owned a sizable quantity of chemicals. Unfortunately his experiments were often quite expensive and he found it his duty to pay for them. Because he didn’t go to school he had plenty of time to earn money by himself. When he was only twelve, he began selling newspapers on the Grand Trunk Railway, he even printed the newspapers himself (Szhlmen, 1). He spent everything he earned on books and chemicals after about one year his mother became so sick of the noises of exploding beakers and the smell of burning flooded the house with smoke that he was no longer allowed to work in the house (Minot). Luckily h e was given permission to move to his lab into the train baggage car. He would be able to experiment during t... ...f a projector but failed. Edison had trouble making a new and improved projector so he settled for helping other inventors further develop theirs. Edison strongly backed the invention of the vitascope. The vitascope was a more efficient version of Edison’s kinetoscope. This new projector was very popular in New York, however, cinematography quickly took its place in the eyes of the public. On the topic of cinematography, the feelings of the public can best be summed up by this quotation, "Moving pictures somehow seemed more important and exciting than seeing actors and actresses strutting around on a mere stage" (Allen 175). Bibliography Thomas Alva Edison was a man who influenced America more than anyone else. Some of the inventions he pioneered are still used to this day. He was a man who spent almost his entire life working as a scientist, and receiving more than 1,200 patents in his lifetime. (Anderson pg.7) Thomas Edison’s life was probably twice as productive as a modern day chemist, he was a firm believer of an eight hour work day, eight hours in the morning, and eight in the afternoon. Aside from his amazing history as an adult Edison lived an equally exciting childhood.

Egypt’s Position on the Arab Israeli Conflict Essay

one. The Kingdom was from this time ruled as one by several dynasties. . This state which was formed in On 18 June 1953, the Egyptian Republic was declared. (Breasted & Piccione, 2001). The 18th Dynasty however is the one that marked the kingdom as an international in the period circa 1550 and 1070 BC. Egypt’s strategic geographic position which gave it control over the Suez Canal attracted the French and the British who sat in its cabinet and controlled the Suez and to a great extend the entire country during the late years of the 16th century (Breasted & Piccione, 2001). The British later colonized Egypt after the first world wear. It was the treatment the brutish gave the Egyptians that caused a revolution which ended up with Egypt being declared an independent state in 1922. Because of the remaining presence of the British and the monarchy form of ruling, more revolutions took place and ousted the resulting to the declaration of Egypt as a republic in June 1953. Egypt’s ideologies are mostly based on the Islamic religion as all its leaders since it became a republic have been Arab Muslims (Al-Azmeh, 1993). Egypt ideologies are based ion internationalism where it tries to have the best diplomatic relationships with all countries internationally. Egypt unlike other Arab countries deals well with the western countries and has a good relationship with Israeli, a country the rest of the Arab countries detest. The country also believes in nationalism and socialism where resources are distributed and intended to be owned by the people and not just few individuals in the country (Al-Azmeh, 1993). The country has tried to establish democracy in its politics allowing the citizens to choose their own leaders. This has not been very successful as there still are reports of leader rigging elections. In the world’s politics, Egypt takes a moderate position, tries to be fair to both the western and the Arab nations. Egypt mainly aims at building its international image. Egypt’s foreign policies have always been moderate. The country has a great influence on political matters in both Africa where it is situated and the Middle East because of its diplomatic expertise, significantly large population, military strength and its geographical position which is very strategic (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). I n the recent decades, Egypt’s foreign policies have aimed at enhancing the country’s relations both regionally and internationally by supporting structural reforms, liberalization in social economy and global economy integration which are perceived to be the best measures to employ in achieving full economic development. Egypt’s was in support of the Declaration of Principles treaty as they interpreted it to be supportive of their ideologies ion what would bring a lasting peace to the Middle East. The fact that the declaration transferred power over west bank and Gaza was in accordance with Egypt’s belief that the withdrawal of Israel from Palestinian Territories was the key to a lasting peace (Brown, 2004). Egypt thus responded by doing what was expected of it during the agreement as they believed that the declaration would bring a lasting peace if both sides kept to their side of the bargain. The Declaration of Principles required Egypt to help the two nations in cooperating so as to achieve the peace that was longed for in the Middle East. Egypt also supported the declaration as it included maintenance of security though by only Israel. Egypt has always believed that security was vital for peace hence supported by helping provide police officers and passports to the Palestinian citizens as was required by the agreement. Countries such as Iran, Israeli Settlers and Syria did not participate in the agreement as they did not believe that the peace would last. Others thought that the agreement was a threat to them and did not want it to succeed. Most of these nations also are Islamic and view Jews to be a threat to their religion hence were hesitated in supporting the peace talks. Most groups believe that DOP process stopped in 2000 which could be true as the events that are currently happening violate the agreements made. Egypt’s foreign policies are also committed to ensuring that a lasting peace which is comprehensive can come to the Middle East. It does so by being involved actively in the efforts that that can achieve the peace. Egypt for example was the first Arab nation to sign a peace treaty with Israel, a move which caused Israel to be expelled from the Arab League (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). The treaty required Israel to completely withdraw and retreat from Sinai in 1979 in exchange for peaceful normal diplomatic relations according to which Israeli honoured and withdrew. The two countries have since then had good diplomatic relations that are peaceful (Embassy of Egypt, 2009) Egypt believes that peace can only come to the Middle East if the efforts being made are comprehensive at making Israeli withdraw from the Palestinian territories it has been occupying that prevent the creation of an independent Palestine. Egypt also believes that Israel has to recognize and respect Palestine’s political rights in the controversial Jerusalem. Egypt has therefore been at the forefront in constantly assisting the partners negotiating in the peace process towards applying the Israeli withdrawal for peace to be achieved (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). Egypt also believes that it is possible for stable peace to be achieved between Israel and Palestine if mechanisms can be adopted that would ensure that security is maintained by both parties so that one party can not take advantage of its economic and military superiority to attack the other party. Egypt proposes the region to be freed from weapons of mass destruction in order to enhance security and reduce attacks on each other (Embassy of Egypt, 2009). Egypt further explains that a framework that would ensure regional cooperation needs to be established as it would enhance peace stability and benefit the individuals in the region. As discussed above, Egypt believes that there is possibility for potential future peace agreement which may be solely between Israel and the Palestinian because the disruption of peace in the entire Middle East is attributed to the conflict between the two nations. The conflict between Israel and other Arab nation is also a result of the conflict between it and Palestine. Solving the conflict between Israel and Palestine thus is the answer to bringing peace in the Middle East. Egypt advocates for peace between the two nations and want it be such that security is maintained in the two nations and that they are both disarmed of any weapons of mass destruction. Egypt believes that it is lack of security and presence of the weapons that encourages the two nations to attack each other. Egypt also advocates for the establishment of a framework as discussed earlier that would enhance cooperation between the two nations towards promoting peace stability that will be beneficial to the people I n the region (Brown, 2004). If a peace conference was held today, Egypt would still support a peace deal between the two nations. Egypt supports a two state solution just like the United States does (Asharq Alawshat, 2009). This is because Egypt believes in bringing a comprehensive and lasting peace to the Middle East. Following the most recent attacks on the Gaza strip by Israel which left hundreds of Palestinians dead, and the persistent occupation of Israel in areas that are rightfully Palestinians, Egypt would want a peace deal to be reached in which Israel must retreat and withdraw from occupying these areas so that Palestine can become an independent state as it was before the Israel occupation of its territories (Asharq Alawshat, 2009). Egypt will not accept either Israel or Palestine to own weapons of mass destruction as this would easily trigger another conflict in the event a peace agreement was reached. This is so as to stop the two nations from carrying on attacks and bombings on each other. Egypt would also not accept the deal if Israel did not withdraw from the Palestinian territories it currently is occupying. Egypt would offer diplomatic support as it always has in reaching a peace deal between the two nations (Brown, 2004). Egypt would be ready to act as a mediator between the two nations as they negotiate as it has good relations with both of them. Egypt believes that Israel should recognise Palestine’s rights regarding Jerusalem, during the peace conference, it would advocate for the recognition to be included in the terms of the final peace deal as Jerusalem is important to Palestine just as it is to Israel. Egypt wants a lasting peace in the Middle East and would do everything it can to help achieve it. Word count: 1500 References Al-Azmeh, A. (1993). Islams and Modernities. New York: Verso. Asharq Alawshat. (2009). Latest News. Retrieved 109th May 2009 from, < http://www. asharq-e. com/>. Breasted, J. & Piccione, A. P. (2001). Ancient Records of Egypt. Chicago, Illinois : University of Illinois Press. Brown. C. L. (2004). Diplomacy in the Middle East: The International Relations of Regional and Outside Powers. New york, NY : I. B. Tauris. Embassy of Egypt. (2009). Political System. Derived 19th May 2009 from

Cinderella Story

Abdulaziz Alshehri 31 October 2012 Cinderella Story Cinderella is a wonderful Disney movie. The social injustice in Cinderella is how they treat her. The ugly stepsisters and the evil stepmother treat Cinderella like she is trash. They have no respect for her. In one scene they destroy a dress that she is wearing. Cinderella was enjoying a leisurely life with her parents. Likely, Cinderella is blessed with love and compassionate from her mother, also from her father. It was her parents who made the maximum effort for happiness. She was a beautiful little girl and highly intelligent.But the happiness turned into sadness when her mother fell ill, and the physicians were unable to help her mother. Then, she lived with her father, who was much loved and was hoping to help her. I this paper, I will be discussing the life of Cinderella and how it changed after her parents died. Cinderella’s Father was believed that she would be in better shape if he married a woman who had two daug hters. In the beginning, the stepmother treated Cinderella gently. After father died, stepmother impacted on Cinderella a harsh reality where she was treated like a maid.Stepmother was hateful and made Cinderella do chores without the help of her stepsisters. Cinderella was poor no and only had a few birds and mice that became her friends and also helped with household chores. The stepsisters prevailed a Cinderella and treated her poorly. Cinderella lived in the darkness of her stepmother and stepsisters. She was doing housework alone without any help (Cinderella story). In that time, Cinderella lived her life with her stepmother is injustice and oppression around them.Cinderella is dream was to live a long happy life. She dreamed to marry a rich man to care about her. One day, the King issued a decree making every girl a prospect for his son, the prince. The Prince would choose one lucky girl during the ceremony dance. Cinderella asked her stepmother and stepsisters to go with them to the ball. However, the stepmother requested that Cinderella clean the house. While cleaning Cinderella found beautiful clothes for the party. Unfortunately, hateful stepmother cut her dress and went to the concert without Cinderella.Shortly there after, a good witch appeared, provides Cinderella with a stylish new vehicle. However, she warned that the would magic will disappear in the middle of the night. Cinderella thanked her and left for the ball. The Prince was astonished and asked her to dance. Cinderella forgot about her miserable life. At midnight, Cinderella remembered the warning and left in a hurry. Without a farewell, she did not tell him her name. She just left one of her slippers at the party. In the early morning, the prince asked his deputy and driver to look of the owner of the shoe.When they arrived at the house, Cinderella’s stepmother tried not to let the Prince meet her. However, Cinderella’s loyal friends were there and told the prince about Ci nderella. Luckily, Cinderella and the Prince met and lived happily ever after (Cinderella story). Over centuries of children have been enjoying the classic fairy tales of the Grimm Brothers and Charles Perrault. The fanciful plots and the vivid details allow children to be entranced by characters and adventures that can only be found in these stories.One of the most beloved fairy tales, which both the Perrault and the Grimm’s have their own separate versions of Cinderella. Cinderella is able to show how both versions are able to feed off the same plots while personifying the century and social economic situation in which they have lived†. Given that the time periods are very different (by 150 years), the formula for their fairy tales seems to remain constant. Character development, which is very important in fairy tales is both well done and accurately portrays the living situation for a character in the time period of when it was written.Perrault's version seems to put Cinderella's family in a higher, well-off situation of the Grimm's because she is still abided to obey the rules that her dying mother had set for her. Something that you would see a women do in the late 1700's. Her higher class and the rules of her generation has set her to not have revenge on her stepsisters and helps her marry the prince in the end; as result, this makes a happy story for everyone. This also gives off the rules of the time to the young girls who would be listening or reading this story back then.They knew their place in society and tales like Alzair Salim. The Arabic story, titled Rihab, has key elements in the story line that make it different from Perrault's Cinderella. The theme becomes different as the end of the tale results in revenge on the stepsisters from Rihab. This variation in the story line represents the setting in which the Grimm's either lived in themselves, or the living situation of the people who related this tale to the Grimm's† (compar ing Versions of Cinderella). Finally, the Cinderella story is trying to explain the hope for the future and waiting a better life.Cinderella believed marring Prince that lived in a beautiful palace was a sign that she had reached her goal. But it's nice to have a goal and actually get there. The story of Cinderella has transferred to many different era’s. The Greek historian Strabo said a similar story about Egyptian maid of Greek origin called Rohdobs, which has lagged behind Ahmose II ceremony because it does the work for other maids. Eagle came and stole her shoes and put it in front of the king. Eagle asked the king of all the women of his parish experience shoe was the only Rohdobs to boot Aumha.He fell King Pegramha married her. And can refer to the assets of the story until the sixth century BC from the days of Aesop (620-560 BC). Famed author of fairy tales, and a similar story appeared in 860 AD in China called yen weighed. As many as similar stories talk about injus tices and hating in different languages around the world. Cinderella has different types of versions stories, which have the same benefits for children (Cinderella Wikipedia). Work Cite D. L. Ashliman. Cinderella story. 28 October 2012. Cinderella story. 28 October 2012. Comparing versions Cinderella story. 28 October 2012.

Globalisation essay

Globalisation essay Globalisation essay Globalisation essayThe development of the world economy and international relations becomes vulnerable to the overwhelming impact of globalisation which affects all countries, even though they conduct isolationist policies, such as North Korea, for instance. Moreover, once started, the process of globalisation is likely to be irrevocable. Globalisation is the process of the international economic, political and cultural integration of nations. The economic integration is the major driver of the process of globalisation. Even though many researchers (Dunning, 1998) insist that globalisation has a positive impact on the economic development of the world because the emergence of international trade stimulates the economic growth worldwide, but long-run effects of globalisation may be negative, especially for the poor nations which cannot compete with well-developed nations in the global market.Background of globalisationGlobalisation has started as the increasing economic cooperation b etween nations at the regional level and steadily evolved into the global trend. The economic cooperation between countries was the result of the accumulation of capital by leading companies operating in the national market. The accumulation of capital made national markets inattractive for companies because they have saturated them and they needed further export of capital and international market expansion. In such a situation, the international market expansion prior to the globalisation era was not always profitable because of high costs of such expansion. The high costs of international market expansion and, therefore, international economic cooperation between nations, was the result of high fiscal barriers, which local governments introduced to support their domestic economies. The process of globalisation emerged after the beginning of the elimination of fiscal barriers to developer free trade between countries. The free trade implied the elimination of fiscal barriers that stimulated companies operating in different countries expand their business internationally. At the dawn of globalisation, there were interstate agreements involving two or three states, as was the case of the NAFTA signed by the US, Canada and Mexico, but soon such agreements involved multiple parties and, today, free trade agreements involve the majority of nations. At this point, it is worth mentioning the EU as one of the most advanced and integrated international community that united European nations and evolved from the economic union into the supranational political union which unites European countries, members of the EU.Therefore, the process of globalisation involves the elimination of fiscal barriers and limitations on the movement of capital, goods, commodities, and human resources. The increasing economic cooperation between nations stimulated the development of multinational corporations which operated globally. The overwhelming majority of multinational corporations were based in well-developed countries. Multinational corporations in their turn encouraged governments to eliminate fiscal barriers and develop free trade further to facilitate their further international market expansion. At the same time such policy resulted to the consistent strengthening of the process of globalisation which has become the mainstream trend in the contemporary economic development of the world.Effects of globalisation on developed nationsGlobalisation has had a considerable impact on developed countries. In this regard, one of the effects of globalisation was the development of trade between well-developed nations mainly. In fact, the trade between developed nations comprises the larger share in the total world trade. Moreover, developed nations focus on the trade with each other rather than with under-developed nations which they tend to use as suppliers of natural resources, such as fossil fuels, for instance.The economic cooperation is beneficial for develope d nations because they have technology, capital and well-qualified human resources which are key factors contributing to the competitive advantage of companies in the global market (Martin Van Gunten, 2002). Developed nations and companies based in developed countries use their technologies to enter new markets and take the dominant position in international markets. They often take the leading position in the global market as is the case of Microsoft, for instance, and develop their business successfully. More important, globalisation involving the free trade opened large opportunities for companies based in developed countries to purchase natural resources and other basic supplies from developing countries. As a result, companies based in developed countries have got an opportunity to decrease costs of production due to the elimination of fiscal barriers and low price of supplies from developing countries. Moreover, they accelerated the consumption of natural resources and other basic supplies from developing countries but purchasing raw materials mainly they sold high tech products to developing as well as developed countries which price was often tenfold higher than the price of raw materials the products were made of.Foreign direct investment flow also tends to the investment of capital into developed countries mainly, while investments in developing countries turn out to be secondary. Therefore, developed countries prefer to invest into other developed countries because they believe such investments and reliable and safe. In addition, investors investing in developed countries can count on low risk of investment and stable level of income. Such investments are stable and profitable.Even emerging economies are secondary targets for investors from developed countries. Instead, the US investors prefer to invest into the EU economy, while the EU investors prefer to invest into the US economy. At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that the investmen ts between developed countries contribute to their accelerated economic growth that allows them to outpace the rest of the world consistently. Developed nations apparently benefit from such mutual investments because they stimulate their economic growth. One of the reasons why investors from developed nations prefer investing in developed economies than in emerging and developing economies is the risk of such investments. In fact, they do not want to take a risk and invest into unstable countries.  Globalisation   essay part 2